Hardware Questions

Yes, single thread module

In 8086 Carry flag, Parity flag, Ausiliary caarry flag, Zero flag, Overflow flag, Trace flag, Interrupt flag, Direction flag, and Sign flag.

Static RAM: no refreshing, 6 to 8 MOS transistors are required to form one memory cell, information stored as voltage level in flip flop. 

Dynamic RAM: refreshed periodically, 3 to 4 transistors are required to form one memory cell, information is  stored as a charge in the gate to substrate capacitance.

* - any characters, aribitary among

? - single character

compiler is used to translate the high-level language program into machine code at a time. It doesn't require special instruction to store in a memory, it stores automatically. the execution time is less compared interpreter.

A compiler is a program that translates a source program written in some high-level programming langualge (such as Java) into machine code for some computer architecture (such as the Inter Pentium archiecture).

Sign flag, Zero flag, Auxillary flag, Parity flag, Carry flag.

Program counter holds the address of either the first byte of the next instruction to be fetched for execution of the address of the next byte of a multi byte instruction, which has not been completely fetched. In both the cases it gets incremented automatically one by one as the instruction bytes get fetched. Also Program register keeps the address of the next instruction.

Flag is a flip-flop used to store the information about the status of a processor and the status of the insturction executed most recently.

A software or hardware mark that signals a particular condition or status. A flag is like a switch that can be either on or off. The flag said to be set when it is turned on.