Technical Questions

The set of dispatchable processes is in a safe state if there exists at least one temporal order in which all processes can be run to completion without resulting in a deadlock.

We encounter cycle stealing in the context of Direct Memory Access (DMA). Either the DMA controller can use the data bus when the CPU does not need it, or it may force the CPU to temporarily suspend operation. The latter technique is called cycle stealing. Note that cycle stealing can be done only at specific break points in an instruction cycle.

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Transferring the control from one process to other process requires saving the state of the old process and loading the saved state for new process. This task is known as context switching.

Commonly, the different attributes for a file structure are naming,size, identifier, a level of protection, supported file types and location for the files.

A bootstrap is the process of starting up a computer. It also refers to the program that initializes the operating system (OS) during start-up.

It referred to a bootstrap load button that was used to initiate a hardwired bootstrap program, or smaller program that executed a larger program such as the OS.

Local replacement means that an incoming page is brought in only to the relevant process address space. Global replacement policy allows any page frame from any process to be replaced. The latter is applicable to variable partitions model only.