Job Roles

Extratropical cyclones, sometimes called mid-latitude cyclones or wave cyclones, are low-pressure areas which, along with the anticyclones of high-pressure areas, drive the weather over much of the Earth.

Middle latitude cyclones are fueled by air high in the atmosphere.

Claude Bernard was a French physiologist, who first recognised plant stomata opening and closing to maintain homeostasis.

A tissue is an ensemble of similar cells and their extracellular matrix from the same origin that together carry out a specific function.

Hence, Cells with similar markers stick together and function as tissues.

Tether is a rope, chain, or the like, by which an animal is fastened to a fixed object so as to limit its range of movement.

Cord is rope like to tie. Hence, cord is most similar in meaning to tether.

Sad means being unhappy, sorrowful, mournful, wistful,...

Hence, Somber means cheerless i.e, unhappy which is synonym of sad. All other options are opposites of Sad.

We know that, preceeded means to come before. 

Hence, the given sentence, preceded in death means that person had died before this person.

For example :: Rahul preceeded Ravi in death, means Rahul died before Ravi.

Apostate:

A person who abandons or renounces or deserts his religious or political beliefs or principles.

In the novel entitled 1984 by George Orwell's, "War is Peace; Freedom is Slavery; Ignorance is Strength;" is one of the three slogans of the entity known only as “The Party,” English Socialist Party ("INGSOC" for short) of Oceania.

It means "describes the act of simultaneously accepting two mutually contradictory beliefs as correct, often in distinct social contexts."