Chemistry Questions

Intermolecular forces :

The forces of attraction present in between the molecules or atoms or compounds is termed as intermolecular forces.


The molecule HCl is composed of hydrogen and chlorine atom. There is high difference in electronegativities therefore, it is polar in nature. The H end of HCl is permanently slightly positive charge. The Cl end of HCl has a permanent slight negative charge. the "H" in one molecule is attracted to the "Cl" in a neighbor. The intermolecular force is weak compared to a covalent bond. But this dipole-dipole interaction is one of the stronger intermolecular attractions.

It also has hydrogen bonding and dispersion forces. 

Dispersion forces are the weakest forces which are present in between all molecules or atoms.
Hydrogen bonds are present in molecules having at least one H-A bond where A is the strong electronegative atom (mainly F, Cl and N).

We know that each successive IE is greater than the previous one, because each ionization process removes one electron and hence increases the total attractive force on the remaining electrons from the nucleus. Hence, C3+ (g) → C4+ (g) + e- needs more energy.

The systematic name for a chemical is the unique name given to it by the International Union of Pure Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). The IUPAC name can differ from a chemical compound's general name.

PbO is an ionic compound since it consists of a Lead as metal and Oxygen as nonmetal. The systematic name for PbO is Lead (II) oxide. Here we need to put the (II) since lead has more than one combining capacity.

Citric acid is present in tomatoes.

Cl|Cl-C-CHO|Cl→Cannizzaro's ReactionNaOH Cl|Cl-C-COONa|Cl+ Cl|Cl-C-CH2 |21Cl-OH