Chemistry Questions

Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier, a french chemist is considered as the "Father of Modern Chemistry."

Helium has the highest First Ionization Energy in the Noble Gases group.

Ionization Energy ::

Ionisation energy is the energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms. Atoms are more stable when they have full valence shells.

Noble Gases have a very stable electron configuration, therefore, they have the highest amount of ionization energy within their periods. It decreases down a family because electrons farther from the nucleus are easier to remove.

Ionization Energy levels of Noble Gases group in Descending Order :: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn

A small organic molecule (sugars or amino acids), several of which may be bonded together to form a chain called a polymer.

RNA has hydroxy group attached at the 2nd C-atom while DNA does not.

A conjugate acid, is a species formed by the reception of a proton (H+) by a base—in other words, it is a base with a hydrogen ion added to it.

On the other hand, a conjugate base is what is left over after an acid has donated a proton during a chemical reaction. Hence, a conjugate base is a species formed by the removal of a proton from an acid.

Because some acids are capable of releasing multiple protons, the conjugate base of an acid may itself be acidic.

Represented as the following chemical reaction:

Acid + Base ⇌ Conjugate Base + Conjugate Acid

The water molecule is the conjugate acid of the hydroxide ion after the latter received the hydrogen proton donated by ammonium. On the other hand, ammonia is the conjugate base for the acid ammonium after ammonium has donated a hydrogen ion towards the production of the water molecule. We can also refer to OH- as a conjugate base of H2O, since the water molecule donates a proton towards the production of NH+4 in the reverse reaction, which is the predominating process in nature due to the strength of the base NH3 over the hydroxide ion.