CISCO Certification Questions

Packets addressed to a multicast address are delivered to all interfaces identified with the multicast address, the same as in IPv4. It is also called a one-to-many address. You can always tell a multicast address in IPv6 because multicast addresses always start with FF.

If you see that a serial interface and the protocol are both down, then you have a physical layer problem. If you see serial 1 is up, line protocol is down, then you are not receiving (Data Link) Keepalives from the remote end.

The range of 192.168.160.0 to 192.168.191.0 is a block size of 32. The network address is 192.168.160.0 and the mask would be 255.255.224.0, which for an access list must be a wildcard format of 0.0.31.255 . The 31 is used for a block size of 32. The wildcard is always one less than the block size.

To set a switch port to trunk mode, which allows the data of all VLAN information to pass down the link, use the switchport mode trunk command. 

Routersoperate no higher than layer 3 of the OSI model.

The Command show mac address-table displays the forward/filter table on the switch.

Different Memories used in a CISCO router are as follows :

NVRAM stores the startup configuration file.

DRAM stores the configuration file that is being executed.

Flash Memory – stores the Cisco IOS.

Instead of the netmask command, you can use the prefix-length length statement.