Questions

Here the most stable carbocation is the option (2).

Carbocations are always hungry for electrons. The stability of carbocations increases from primary to secondary to tertiary. Here, option (c) shows the most stable carbocation because it can easily withdraw electrons from two other carbon atoms and the more electronegative oxygen atom.

Carbocation stability depends on hyperconjugation. The tertiary carbocation is stabilized by electron releasing inductive effect.

Removing the contaminents if any in the water which causes harm to our health is involved in the purifying of water. 

This process involves chemicals. Chloramines, Hydrogen peroxide, Iodine are the chemicals which are used in purifying water.