Questions

Species richness is generally lower in the Arctic than at lower latitudes, and richness also tends to decline from the low to high Arctic.Many hypotheses have been advanced to explain the overall decline of biodiversity with increasing latitude, although there is still no consensus about a mechanistic explanation. Abiotic factors include lower available energy and area at high latitudes, and the relatively young age of Arctic ecosystems.

8 S on SS means 8 Sides on a Stop Sign.

This is one type of Letter Equations which are well known phrases or facts where the key words have been replaced with the first letter of that word. These are often in the form of an equation, which contain a number, an = sign and the rest of the obscured phrase or fact.

Some more of them are ::

90 D in a RA

26 L of the A 

12 S of the Z.

The human skin is made of 3 layers. They are ::

1) The Epidermis

2) The Dermis

3) The Hypodermis

Epidermis :: 

It is the outermost layer of skin, provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone.

Demis ::

It is beneath the epidermis, contains tough connective tissue, hair follicles, and sweat glands.

Hypodermis ::

It is deeper layer and is made of fat and connective tissue.

Teams of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of the United States and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) would inspect the excavation being carried out at an archaeological site in Haryana’s Fatehabad district to verify claims of it being the oldest civilisation in the world. Archaeologists have recovered artefacts pre-dating the Harappan Civilisation from the site, located in village Kunal in Fatehabad district.

Clearly, the numbers are (23 x 13) and (23 x 14).

 Larger number = (23 x 14) = 322.