Questions

The Sound Following the flash of lighting is because of Thunder.

Lightning is seen earlier than thunder because light travels much faster than sound.

The roar of thunder is the result of a shock wave produced when lightning super-heats the air through which it passes, causing that air to expand very rapidly. This rapid expansion of air creates a shock wave that travels outward at close to the speed of sound.

According to al-Biruni, the sufi theories of the soul were similar to those in Patanjali’s Yoga Sutra. Like the Yoga Sutra, sufi works also stated that ‘the bodies are the snares of the souls for the purpose of acquiring recompense’. Al-Biruni also identifies the sufi doctrine of divine love as self-annihilation with parallel passages from the Bhagavad Gita. There was also much exchange of ideas between the Sufis and Indian yogis. In fact the hatha-yoga treatise Amrita Kunda was translated into Arabic and Persian, So C is right.

Hujwiri was known as Datta Ganj Baksh. Hujwiri comments that before he settled in Lahore some sufis believed in theories that he calls brahmanical. According to Hujwiri they wrongly believed that ‘annihilation (fand’) signifies loss of essence and destruction of the personality, and that subsistence (baqa) indicates the subsistence of God in man.

The Commission performs the following functions, namely:Inquire, Suo motu or on apetition presented to it by a victim or any person on his behalf, into complaint of

a) violation of human rights –this is extremely obvious

b) negligence in the prevention of such violation, by a public servant.

c) intervene in any proceeding involving any allegation of violation of human rights pending before a court with the approval of such court.

d) visit, under intimation to the State Government, any jail or any other institution under the control of the State Government, where persons are detained or lodged for purposes of treatment, reformation or protection to study the living conditions of the inmates and make recommendations.

e) review the safeguards provided by or under the Constitution or any law for the time being in force for the protection of human rights and recommend measures for their effective implementation.

f) review the factors, including acts of terrorism that inhibit the enjoyment of human rights and recommend appropriate remedial measures.

g) study treaties and other international instruments on human rights and make recommendations for their effective implementation.

h) undertake and promote research in the field of human rights.

i) spread human rights literacy among various sections of society and promote awareness of the safeguards available for the protection of these rights through publications, the media, seminars and other available means.

j) encourage the efforts of non-governmental organisations and institutions working in the field of human rights.

Sarkaria commission-1983, Punchhi commission-2007, Eleventh     Financial     commission 2000-2005,  Second  Administrative Reform commission –2005

Glaciers cut distinctive U-shaped valleys with a flat floor and steep sides. These are an example of a glacial erosion landform.

Example: As the main glacier erodes deeper into the valley, the tributary is left higher up the steep sides of the glacier.