Questions

Nearly 95% of india's coal is from the Gondwana formation (which is in the Satpuras) and is found in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, West Bengal, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. Tertiary variety is found in Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland, and Jammu and Kashmir, Lingite reserves occur in Gujarat, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan and Tamilnadu.

The Golaknath Case of 1967 relates to the power of the Parliament to curtail the Fundamental Rights provided in the Constitution.In 1967, the Supreme Court reversed its earlier decisions in Golaknath v. State of Punjab. It held that Fundamental Rights included in Part III of the Constitution are given a "transcendental position" and arebeyond the reach of Parliament. It also declared any amendment that "takes away or abridges" a Fundamental Right conferred by Part III as unconstitutional. By 1973, the basic structure doctrine triumphed in Justice Hans Raj Khanna's judgment in the landmark decision of Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala.

Temporary hardness is due to the presence of soluble bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium in water. Permanent hardness is due to the presence of sulphates and chlorides of calcium and magnesium.