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 Profit and Loss Questions

Popular Latest Rated Important Formulae

FACTS  AND  FORMULAE  FOR  PROFIT  AND  LOSS  QUESTIONS

 

 

Selling Price (SP) : The price at which the shopkeeper sells the goods is called the selling price (SP) of the goods sold by the shopkeeper.

 

Profit : If the selling price of an article is more than its cost price, then the dealer (or shopkeeper) makes a profit (or gain)

i.e Profit = SP - CP;       SP > CP

 

Loss : If the selling price of an article is less than its cost price, then the dealer suffers a loss.

i.e loss = CP - SP;        CP > SP

 

IMPORTANT FORMULAE


1. Profit percentage = ProfitC.P×100

 

2. Loss percentage = LossC.P×100

 

3.S.P=100+Gain %100×C.P = 100-Loss%100×C.P

 

4. C.P=100100+Gain %×S.P = 100100-Loss %×S.P 

5. If an article is sold at a gain of say 35%, then SP = 135% of CP

6. If an article is sold at a loss of say 35%, then SP = 65% of CP

7. When a person sells two similar items, one at a gain of say x%, and the other at a loss of x%, then the seller always incurs a loss given by :Loss % =Common Loss and Gain %10 2=x102

 

8. If a trader Professes to sell his goods at cost price, but uses false weihts, then 

Gain % =ErrorTrue Value - Error×100%

Q:

A sweet seller sells 3/5th part of sweets at a profit of 10% and remaining at a loss of 5%. If the total profit is Rs 1500, then what is the total cost price of sweets ?

A) Rs.37,500 B) Rs.36,400
C) Rs.37,415 D) Rs.36,500
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: A) Rs.37,500

Explanation:

Assume A be the cost price.

 

Therefore,
35×A×10100 - 25×A×5100 = 1500

 

=>  A = Rs 37,500.

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Q:

The ratio of the cost price and selling price of a shirt is 32 : 37. What is the profit percentage?

 

A) 15.63 B)  13.51
C) 17.21 D) 14.44
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: A) 15.63

Explanation:
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Q:

A person sold two cows each for Rs.9900. If he gained 10% on one and lost 20% on the other, then which of the following is true?

A) He Gained Rs. 200 B) He lost Rs. 200
C) He neither gained nor lost D) None of the above
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: D) None of the above

Explanation:

The CP of profitable cow  = 9900/1.1 = 9000

 

and profit = Rs. 900

 

The  CP of loss yielding cow = 9900/0.8 = 12375

 

and loss = Rs. 2475

 

so, the net loss = 2475 - 900 = 1575

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Q:

A retailer buys a radio for Rs 225. His overhead expenses are Rs 15. He sellis the radio for Rs 300. The profit percent of the retailer is

A) 10% B) 50%
C) 25% D) 52%
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) 25%

Explanation:

cost price = (225 + 15) = 240 sell price = 300
gain = (60/240)*100 = 25%

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Q:

A guy walks into a store and steals Rs. 100 from the store without the owner's knowledge.
He then buys Rs. 60 worth of goods using that Rs. 100 and the owner gies Rs. 40 in change.

How much money did the owner lose?

A) RS. 200 B) Rs. 160
C) Rs. 100 D) Rs. 40
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) Rs. 100

Explanation:

The first lost Rs. 100, but after the thief bought Rs. 60 goods, he get that Rs. 100 back but he lost Rs. 60 value of goods and Rs. 40 in change.

 

So, a total of 60 + 40 = 100 Rs. the owner lose.

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Q:

A merchant buys two articles for Rs.600. He sells one of them at a profit of 22% and the other at a loss of 8% and makes no profit or loss in the end. What is the selling price of the article that he sold at a loss ?

A) Rs. 404.80 B) Rs. 536.80
C) Rs.440 D) Rs. 160
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: A) Rs. 404.80

Explanation:

Let C1 be the cost price of the first article and C2 be the cost price of the second article.
Let the first article be sold at a profit of 22%, while the second one be sold at a loss of 8%.

We know, C1 + C2 = 600.
The first article was sold at a profit of 22%. Therefore, the selling price of the first article = C1 + (22/100)C1 = 1.22C1
The second article was sold at a loss of 8%. Therefore, the selling price of the second article = C2 - (8/100)C2 = 0.92C2.

The total selling price of the first and second article = 1.22C1 + 0.92C2.

As the merchant did not make any profit or loss in the entire transaction, his combined selling price of article 1 and 2 is the same as the cost price of article 1 and 2.

Therefore, 1.22C1 + 0.92C2 = C1+C2 = 600
As C1 + C2 = 600, C2 = 600 - C1. Substituting this in 1.22C1 + 0.92C2 = 600, we get
1.22C1 + 0.92(600 - C1) = 600
or 1.22C1 - 0.92C1 = 600 - 0.92*600
or 0.3C1 = 0.08*600 = 48
or C1 = 48/(0.3) = 160.
If C1 = 160, then C2 = 600 - 160 = 440.
The item that is sold at loss is article 2. The selling price of article 2 = 0.92*C2 = 0.92*440 = 404.80.

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Q:

A car mechanic purchased four old cars for Rs. 1 lakh. He spent total 2 lakh in the maintenance and repairing of these four cars. what is the average sale price of the rest three cars to get 50% total profit if he has already sold one of the four cars at Rs. 1.2 lakh?

A) 1.5 lakh B) 1.1 lakh
C) 1.2 lakh D) 1.65 lakh
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: B) 1.1 lakh

Explanation:

Total cost of 4 cars =  1+2 = 3 lakh

 

Total S.P of 4 cars = 3 x 1.5 = 4.5 lakh   (Since S.P = 100 + Gain%100 x C.P)

 

 S.P of 1 car = 1.2 lakh 

 

S.P of rest 3 cars = 4.5 - 1.2 = 3.3 lakh

 

 Average S.P of all the 3 cars = 1.1 lakh

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Q:

The ratio of selling price to the cost price is 21 : 16. What is the profit percentage?

 

A) 35.75 B) 21.75  
C) 27.75 D) 31.25
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: D) 31.25

Explanation:
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