FACTS  AND  FORMULAE  FOR  PERCENTAGE  QUESTIONS

 

 

I.Concept of Percentage : By a certain percent , we mean that many hundredths. Thus x percent means x hundredths, written as x%.

To express x% as a fraction : We have , x% = x/100.

Thus, 20% = 20/100 = 1/5;     

48% = 48/100 = 12/25, etc.

To express a/b as a percent : We have, ab=ab×100% .

 

Thus, 14=14×100%=25%

   

 

II. If the price of a commodity increases by R%, then the reduction in consumption so as not to increase the expenditure is R100+R×100%

If the price of the commodity decreases by R%,then the increase in consumption so as to decrease the expenditure is R100-R×100%

 

 

III. Results on Population : Let the population of the town be P now and suppose it increases at the rate of R% per annum, then :

1. Population after n years = P1+R100n

 

2. Population n years ago =  P1+R100n

 

 

IV. Results on Depreciation : Let the present value of a machine be P. Suppose it depreciates at the rate R% per annum. Then,

1. Value of the machine after n years = P1-R100n

 

2. Value of the machine n years ago = P1-R100n

 

 

V. If A is R% more than B, then B is less than A by

R100+R×100%    

If A is R% less than B , then B is more than A by 

R100-R×100%  

Q:

The marked price of a ceiling fan is Rs. 1200 and the shopkeeper allows a discount of 5 % on it. Then selling price of the fan is

A) Rs. 1410 B) Rs. 1400
C) Rs. 1140 D) Rs. 1104
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) Rs. 1140

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Q:

If the cost price of an article is Rs x . It is marked up by 100%. It is sold at Rs 1,200 after giving 20% discount. What is value of x?

A) 750 B) 1500
C) 1000 D) 2000
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: A) 750

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Q:

When a discount of 50% is given on a shirt, the profit is 25%. If the discount is 10%, then the profit is

A) 35 percent B) 55 percent
C) 215 percent D) 125 percent
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: D) 125 percent

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Q:

10% discount is offered on an item. By applying a promo code the customer wins 5% cash back. What is the effective discount?

A) 15.225 percent B) 14.5 percent
C) 15 percent D) 5.5 percent
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: B) 14.5 percent

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Q:

In an ornament the ratio of gold and copper is 3:2. The percentage of gold in the ornament is:

A) 60 B) 40
C) 30 D) 20
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: A) 60

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Q:

90% of X = 40% of Y and Y = a% of X. What is the value of a?

A) 225 B) 125
C) 2.25 D) 1.25
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: A) 225

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Q:

The marked price of a shirt is Rs 1280. If the shirt is being sold for Rs 900, then what is the discount percentage?

A) 31.31 B) 25.57
C) 29.68 D) 34.36
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) 29.68

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Q:

The price of an article is cut by 24%, to restore to its original value, the new price must he increased by ______.

A) 24 percent B) 19.35 percent
C) 30 percent D) 31.58 percent
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: D) 31.58 percent

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