Questions

A transformer that increases voltage from primary to secondary (more secondary winding turns than primary winding turns) is called a Step-Up Transformer.

Conversely, a transformer designed to do just the opposite is called a Step-Down Transformer. 

Encapsulation, Object class and instance.

Talc or talcum is a clay mineral composed of hydrated magnesium silicate with the chemical formula H2Mg3(SiO3)4 is the main ingredient in face powders that absorbs moisture and oil.

It is also called as French Chalk. Other ingredients include Calcium carbonate (chalk), Magnesium carbonate, China clay, starches like rice and potato, zinc oxide,...

In 1985 the physicist Wilhelm Rontgen discovered X-rays, the "X" signifying their unknown origin.He later found that the rays could pass through flesh and by using photographic plates could make images of bones inside the body. 

A respirometer is a device used to measure the rate of respiration of a living organism by measuring its rate of exchange of oxygen and/or carbon dioxide.