Questions

Nearly 95% of india's coal is from the Gondwana formation (which is in the Satpuras) and is found in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, West Bengal, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. Tertiary variety is found in Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland, and Jammu and Kashmir, Lingite reserves occur in Gujarat, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan and Tamilnadu.

Temporary hardness is due to the presence of soluble bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium in water. Permanent hardness is due to the presence of sulphates and chlorides of calcium and magnesium.

After the Mumbai attacks in 2008, there has been a paradigm shift in the maritime security apparatus that increased emphasis on surveillance, intelligence gathering and information sharing amongst the various stakeholders to ensure an effective response to any emerging situation. In Feb 2009, the Indian Coast Guard (ICG) was additionally designated as the authority responsible for coastal security in territorial waters, including areas to be patrolled by the Coastal Police.

The Coast Guard is also responsible for overall coordination between Central and State agencies in matters relating to Coastal Security.In order to achieve near gap-free surveillance of the entire coastline, 38 additional Radar Stations and 08 Mobile Surveillance Systems are being installed.