Questions

LDI is the capacity to change the conceptual schema without having to change external schemas or application programs.

1.Hardware abstraction layer

2.Kernel

3.Subsystems

4.System Services.

In a cached system, the base addresses of the last few referenced pages is maintained in registers called the TLB that aids in faster lookup. TLB contains those page-table entries that have been most recently used. Normally, each virtual memory reference causes 2 physical memory accesses- one to fetch appropriate page-table entry, and one to fetch the desired data. Using TLB in-between, this is reduced to just one physical memory access in cases of TLB-hit.