Questions

Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.

The Amazon basin has been continuously inhabited for at least 10, 000 years, possibly more. Its earliest inhabitants were stone-age peoples, living in hundreds of far-flung tribes, some tiny, others numbering in the tens of thousands. It was from the west that Europeans explorers first arrived. In 1541 a Spanish expedition from Quito, led by Gonzalo Pizarro, ran short of supplies while exploring east of the Andes in what is today Peru. Pizarro’s cousin Francisco de Orellana offered to take 60 men along with the boats from the expedition and forage for supplies. De Orellana floated down the Rio Napo to its confluence with the Amazon, near Iquitos (Peru), and then to the mouth of the Amazon. Along the way his expedition suffered numerous attacks by Indians; some of the Indian warriors, they reported, were female, like the Amazons of Greek mythology, and thus the world’s greatest river got its name. No one made a serious effort to claim this sweaty territory, however, until the Portuguese built a fort near the mouth of the river at Belém in 1616, and sent Pedro Teixeira up the river to Quito and back between 1637 and 1639. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Portuguese bandeirantes (groups of roaming adventurers) penetrated ever further into the rain forest in pursuit of gold and Indian slaves, exploring as far as present-day Rondônia, and the Guaporé and Madeira river valleys. Amazonian Indians had long used the sap from rubber trees to make waterproof bags and other items. European explorers recognized the potential value of natural latex, but were unable to market it because it tended to grow soft in the heat, or brittle in the cold, and thus had limited appeal outside the rain forest. However, in 1842 American Charles Goodyear developed vulcanization (made natural rubber durable) and in 1890 Ireland’s John Dunlop patented pneumatic rubber tires. Soon there was an unquenchable demand for rubber in the recently industrialized USA and Europe, and the price of rubber on international markets soared. As profits skyrocketed, so did exploitation of the seringueiros, or rubber tappers, who were lured into the Amazon, mostly from the drought-stricken northeast, by the promise of prosperity only to be locked into a cruel system of virtual slavery dominated by seringalistas (owners of rubber-bearing forests). Rigged scales, hired guns, widespread illiteracy among the rubber tappers, and monopoly of sales and purchases all combined to perpetuate the workers’ debt and misery. In addition, seringueiros had to contend with jungle fevers, Indian attacks and all manner of deprivation.

Seringalistas refers to

In the following passage, some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.

_____________ who argue in this way support their case by pointing to the lack of a general consensus of opinion which obtains in many parts of the field which the philosopher regards as his own; and also by ____________ out that, even within this field, there is a growing tendency ___________ the part of certain sciences to separate themselves from philosophy and _____________ independent. Thus the psychologist and the logician are sometimes very anxious to have it understood that they belong among the scientists and ___________ among the philosophers.

_____________ who argue in this way support.

In the following passage, some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.

If there is a subject of really ______________ interest and utility, it is the art of writing and speaking one's own language ___________. It is the basis of culture, as we all know; but it is infinitely more _________ that, it is the basis of business. ___________ salesman can sell anything unless he can explain the merits of his goods in effective language, or can write ___________ advertisement equally effective, or present his ideas, and the facts, in a letter.

can write ___________ advertisement equally

In the following passage, some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.

This is the arresting and dominant fact about modern social discussion; that the quarrel is __________ merely about the difficulties, but about the aim. We agree about the evil; it is about the good that we should tear each ____________ eyes out. We all admit that a lazy aristocracy is a bad thing. We should not by ________ means all admit that an active aristocracy would be a good thing. We all feel angry with an irreligious priesthood; but some of us would _______ mad with disgust at a really religious one. Everyone is indignant if our army is weak, _____________ the people who would be even more indignant if it were strong.

but some of us would _______ mad with disgust

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which will improve the bracketed part of the sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select "no improvement".

You see a curtain of fog (hanged) low, suspended over the fresh green grass.

In the following passage, some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.

Our reputation and image is most definitely determined by our ______. Also our ______ tend to be habit forming, in that we have a ______ to act in a particular manner. Hence most people are ______ by their deeds and seem to have little control over their actions. We usually act according to or in response to our surroundings-our circumstances and the environment which to a great extent ______ our priorities and objectives.

Also our ______ tend to be habit.

Which of the following is used to get relief when you have been stung by a honeybee?

On 31 January 2018, the Ministry of Railway announced to set up a massive rail coach factory in which region of Maharashtra?