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 Profit and Loss Questions

Popular Latest Rated Important Formulae

FACTS  AND  FORMULAE  FOR  PROFIT  AND  LOSS  QUESTIONS

 

 

Selling Price (SP) : The price at which the shopkeeper sells the goods is called the selling price (SP) of the goods sold by the shopkeeper.

 

Profit : If the selling price of an article is more than its cost price, then the dealer (or shopkeeper) makes a profit (or gain)

i.e Profit = SP - CP;       SP > CP

 

Loss : If the selling price of an article is less than its cost price, then the dealer suffers a loss.

i.e loss = CP - SP;        CP > SP

 

IMPORTANT FORMULAE


1. Profit percentage = ProfitC.P×100

 

2. Loss percentage = LossC.P×100

 

3.S.P=100+Gain %100×C.P = 100-Loss%100×C.P

 

4. C.P=100100+Gain %×S.P = 100100-Loss %×S.P 

5. If an article is sold at a gain of say 35%, then SP = 135% of CP

6. If an article is sold at a loss of say 35%, then SP = 65% of CP

7. When a person sells two similar items, one at a gain of say x%, and the other at a loss of x%, then the seller always incurs a loss given by :Loss % =Common Loss and Gain %10 2=x102

 

8. If a trader Professes to sell his goods at cost price, but uses false weihts, then 

Gain % =ErrorTrue Value - Error×100%

Q:

ITC sells one product at a profit of 20% another at a loss of 20% at the same selling price. What is the loss incurred by ITC?

A) 1% B) 2%
C) 4% D) 0%
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) 4%

Explanation:

loss % = common gain or loss102 %

 

           = (20/10)x(20/10)% = 4%

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Q:

A driver of auto rickshaw makes a profit of 20% on every trip when he carries 3 passengers and the price of petrol is Rs. 30 a litre. Find the % profit for the same journey if he goes for 4 passengers per trip and the price of petrol reduces to Rs. 24 litres ?

A) 68% B) 80%
C) 75% D) 100%
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: D) 100%

Explanation:

When 3 passengers income was 3x
expense= Rs.30 
profit =20% of 30 = Rs.6 
That means his earning is Rs.36. so that per passenger fare must be Rs.12.

When 4 passengers
earning = 12x4=Rs.48.
expense =Rs.24.
profit = Rs.24 = 100%

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19 10820
Q:

A quantity of tea is sold at Rs. 5.75 per kilogram. The total gain by selling the tea at this rate is Rs. 60. Find the quantity of tea being sold if a profit of 15% is made on the deal ?

A) 72 kgs B) 80 kgs
C) 76 kgs D) 84 kgs
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: B) 80 kgs

Explanation:

Say total cost price of tea is x.
Then total profit at a rate of 15% is = (15x/100)
According to question,
15x/100 = 60
so x = 400
C.p of the tea is Rs. 400.
so total selling price will be = (400+60) = Rs.460
so the quantity of the tea will be = (460/5.75) = 80kg.

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12 10714
Q:

Raghu earns 25% on an investment but loses 10% on another investment. If the ratio of the two investment is 3:5. What is the gain or loss on two investments taken together ?

A) 1.251 % B) 3.125 %
C) 7.21 % D) 9.451 %
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: B) 3.125 %

Explanation:

Taking the 2 investments to be 3x and 5x respectively
Total income of Raghu = (3x) x 1.25 + (5x) x 0.9 = 8.25
Therefore, Gain% = 0.25/8 x 100 = 3.125 %.

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11 10462
Q:

A shopkeeper who deals in books sold a book at 16% loss. Had she charged an additional Rs.60 while selling it , her profit would have been 14%. Find the cost price, in rupees, of the book ?

A) Rs. 185 B) Rs. 154
C) Rs. 200 D) Rs. 177
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) Rs. 200

Explanation:

Let the C.P be 'x'
Then, the selling price S.P = x - 16x/100
= 84x/100 = 21x/25
Now, if the S.P is 60 more, then the profit is 14%
=> 21x/25 + 60 = x + 14x/100
=> 114x/100 - 21x/25 = 60
=> (57 - 42)x/50 = 60
=> 15x/50 = 60
x = 3000/15 = 200

Therefore, the Cost price C.P = x = Rs. 200

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9 10239
Q:

A trader mixes 36 kg of rice at Rs. 20 per kg with 14 kg of rice of other variety at Rs. 36 per kg and sells the mixture at Rs. 30 per kg. His profit percent is:

A) 25% B) 21.14%
C) 22.54% D) 27.32%
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) 22.54%

Explanation:

C.P. of 50 kg rice = Rs. (36 x 20 + 14 x 36) = Rs. (720 + 504) = Rs.1224.  

S.P. of 56 kg rice = Rs. (50 x 30) = Rs.1500.

Profit = 1500 - 1224 = Rs.276 

 

Profit % = ProfitC.P×100  = 2761224×100 = 22.54%.

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Q:

A wholesale dealer allows a discount of 20 % on the marked price to the retailer. The retailer sells at 5% below the marked price. If the customer pays Rs.19 for an article, what profit is made by the retailer on it ?

A) Rs. 4 B) Rs. 3
C) Rs. 5 D) Rs. 1
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: B) Rs. 3

Explanation:

Let wholesaler dealers marked price = 100%, Retailer's C.P = 80%
And the retailer sells at 5% less than the marked price => S.P = 95%
If S.P of 95% of the retailer costs Rs.19 to customer,so its C.P of 80% will cost 80 x 19/95 = 16
Profit made by the retailer = 19-16 =  Rs.3

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11 10044
Q:

The cost price of an article is 54% of the marked price. Calculate the gain percent after allowing a discount of 15%  ?

A) 51.32 % B) 49.23 %
C) 48.4 % D) 46.8 %
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) 48.4 %

Explanation:

Let marked price = Rs. 100.
Then, C.P. = RS. 54,
S.P. = Rs. 85
Gain % = 31/64 x 100 = 48.4%.

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