Aptitude and Reasoning Questions

Taxonomy is the science dealing with classification.

Similarly, pedology deals with the study of soils.

Hence, Taxonomy : Classification :: Pedology :Soils.

The words in each pair are synonyms .

Let the number of Rose plants be ‘a’.
Let number of marigold plants be ‘b’.
Let the number of Sunflower plants be ‘c’.
20a+5b+1c=1000; a+b+c=100

Solving the above two equations by eliminating c,
19a+4b=900

b = (900-19a)/4 

b = 225 - 19a/4----------(1)

b being the number of plants, is a positive integer, and is less than 99, as each of the other two types have at least one plant in the combination i.e .:0 < b < 99--------(2)

Substituting (1) in (2),

 0 < 225 - 19a/4 < 99

225 <  -19a/4 < (99 -225)

=> 4 x 225 > 19a > 126 x 4

=> 900/19 > a > 505

a is the integer between 47 and 27 ----------(3)
From (1), it is clear, a should be multiple of 4.

Hence possible values of a are (28,32,36,40,44)

For a=28 and 32, a+b>100
For all other values of a, we get the desired solution:
a=36,b=54,c=10
a=40,b=35,c=25
a=44,b=16,c=40

Three solutions are possible.

Probability of sending the correct material is 4/5

Probability of the material not being damaged in transit is 1/4

Probability that there is no short shipment = 2/3

∴ Required probability =4/5 x 1/4 x 2/3 = 2/15

A machine is made to work by a man. Similarly, a slave is made to work by a master.

Hence, Man:Machine::Master:Slave.

At the time of marriage, let Sudeer's age be 4x, then Swetha's age is 3x
12 years after:
Age of Sudeer = 4x+12
Age of Swetha = 3x+12
Now the equation is 3x+12=5/6(4x+12)
Solving equation we get x=6
Hence Swetha got married at the age of 18.

kl>k+1l+1 for (k,l) > 0 and  k > l 

Let     k = x+1    and   l = x

Therefore, x+1x>(x+1)+1(x)+1

 (x + 1) > x

Therefore, log(x+1)log(x)>log(x+2)log(x+1)

⇒logxx+1 >logx+1x+2