What is risk analysis? What does it have to do with Severity and Priority? 

Functional testing is a type of testing that is done against the requirements of the business application. 

Examples of functional testing are Smoke testing, Sanity testing, Regression testing, Usability testing.

Component Testing is also called as Module or Unit or Program testing. It is testing of all the components in an application separately.

Data flow analysis studies the use of data on paths through the code.

Structural Testing is the other name for White Box Techniques.

Configuration Management is a support for software in managing the different items in the product, and changes in them.

Statement coverage is a white box test design technique which involves execution of all the executable statements in the source code at least once. It is used to calculate and measure the number of statements in the source code which can be executed given the requirements.