Which of the following reactions are exothermic?

 

$$\begin{gathered} 1) C + O2 → CO2 \\ 2) 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO \\ 3) CuSO4 + 5H2O → CuSO4.5H2O \\ 4) All the above \end{gathered}$$

Terylene and nylon are synthetic fibres produced by a process of polymerisation. Terylene is a polyester and nylon, a poyamide.

Silk is purely a natural product obtained from silk worms.

Rayon is a man-made material which consists of purified cellulose in the form of long fibres. Cellulose occurs in the cell wall of plants. Rayon fibre is chemically identical to cotton but has a shine like silk. Since it is  basically derived from a natural source (cellulose) it is called a regenerated fibre.

Vapour of carbon tetra chloride ccl4 is non-inflammable and is heavier than air. Hence it is used as a fire extinguisher under the trade name of pyrene.

A closed room is aplace where charcoal is burnt in limited supply of air. There is every chance for the formation of the deadly poisonous carbon monoxide, which when inhaled, reacts with the iron in haemoglobin of blood and prevents the supply of oxygen. It is said to be treacherous as there can be no previous warning of its presence because it is an odourless and colourless gas.

The two main components of air are nitrogen and oxygen. They are seperated by the fractional distillation of liquid air. Liquefied air contains liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen. Liquid nitrogen with the lower boiling point more readily evaporates than the less volatile liquid oxygen. 

Fractional distillation is the process of seperation of a mixture of two or more liquids into the different fractions, which differ fairly widely in their boiling points. The liquid with a lower boiling point will be vaporized first and hence would be the distillate (first fraction). Eg. Ethyl alcohol has a boiling point of 78.10C and water 1000C. When a mixture of these two liquids is heated, alcohol vaporizes first and is collected separately as the distillate. 

In vulcanization, cruder rubber is heated with 3% sulphur at about for 1200C for 2-3 hours.

Vulcanised rubber is a vastly improved product.

Acute diabetes results in the formation of acetone in the body. Hence such patients smell of acetone.