CISCO Certification Questions

The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) was designed to stop layer 2 loops. All Cisco switches have the STP on by default.

The loop back address with IPv4 is 127.0.0.1 . With IPv6, that address is ::1

OSI layer 1 defines the standards for cabling and connectors.

The Session layer of the OSI model offers three different modes of communication : Simplex, half duplex, and full duplex.

PPPoE  or  PPPoA

There are no broadcasts with IPv6. Unicast , multicast, anycast, global, and link - local unicast are used.

You must be able to take a binary number and convert it into both decimal and hexadecimal. To convert to decimal, just add up the 1s using their values. The values that are turned on with the binary number of 10110111 are 128+32+16+4+2+1=183. To get the hexadecimal equivalent, you need to break the eight binary digits into nibbles (4 bits), 1011 and 0111. By adding up these values, you get 11 and 7. In hexadecimal, 11 is B, so the answer is 0xB7.

This is a pretty simple question. A/28 is 255.255.255.240, which means that our block size is 16 in the fourth octent. 0,16, 32, 48, 64, 80, etc. The host is in the 64 subnet.