Which are the special proteins in muscles that contract and relax to cause movement?

 

Mammalian and avian hearts have four chambers two atria and two ventricles.Amphibians and reptiles, by contrast, have a three-chambered heart. The three-chambered heart consists of two atria and one ventricle.Fish possess the simplest type of true heart a two-chambered organ composed of one atrium and one ventricle.

The lymphatic system is a complex system of fluid drainage and transport, and immune response and disease resistance. Fluid that is forced out of the bloodstream during normal circulation is filtered through lymph nodes to remove bacteria, abnormal cells and other matter. This fluid is then transported back into the bloodstream via the lymph vessels. Lymph only moves in one direction, toward the heart.

There are 3 double-layered membrane layers, which the protein has to pass to reach its destination.

•Lysosomes are spherical membranous sacs of enzymes.

•The lysosome membrane helps to keep its internal compartment acidic and separates the digestive enzymes from the rest of the cell.

•Lysosomes are formed by budding from the Golgi complex.

Euglena move by a flagellum (plural ‚ flagella), which is a long whip-like structure that acts like a little motor.

The paramecium uses its cilia to sweep the food along with some water into the cell mouth after it falls into the oral groove.

The underside of the starfish is covered with hundreds of tube feet, which it uses for walking around, for attaching tightly to rocks, and for holding on to prey.

Nereis possess setae and parapodia for locomotion

Adipocytes are the major source of leptin production, and plasma leptin concentrations directly correlate with the amount of total body fat.

Adipocytes are highly specialized cells that play a crucial role in the energy balance of most vertebrates.

Adipocytes convert excess energy to tri-acylglycerol and deposit it during feeding in preparation for periods of food deprivation.

Adipocytes may become enlarged by increased fat storage