From the following pairs, find the one which is correctly matched?

 

In the cell, transcription occurs in the nucleus in the presence of DNA.

Terms transcription and translation in biology are generally related to the DNA and its properties. Human cells replicate. In order to do that, they have to produce the same constituents for the new cell that is to be made. The only way to do that is by producing proteins.

The proteins are produced in the process that is called protein synthesis. The first step is in the nucleus where a particular gene is being expressed so it enables all protein factors to come and to replicate that part of a chromosome. This is finished when mRNA, the same single-stranded genetic code of a particular gene, is formed. This is transcription.

Right after that, the mRNA enters the cytoplasm through nuclear pores. There, it could be translated into proteins by ribosomes. This process is called translation.

Hence, Transcription occurs in the nucleus, whereas translation occurs in the cytoplasm.

Vitiligo is a condition in which the skin loses its pigment cells (melanocytes). This can result in discolored patches in different areas of the body, including the skin, hair, retina and mucous membranes.

Many disorders have been linked to vitiligo. They are::

Hashimoto thyroiditis,

Graves disease,

Addison disease and

diabetes mellitus,

alopecia areata,

pernicious anemia,

inflammatory bowel disease,

psoriasis, and

autoimmune polyglandular syndrome.

The best example for somatic mutation would be cancer, familial cancer (which transmits through gametes to the next generation) are not so common while sporadic cancer is seen the most where body cells of a particular area goes through mutations for a number of years and becomes cancerous, but it is not transmitted to next generation.

Enzymes are protein macromolecules. Enzymes are almost always made of proteins only. Proteins are large biopolymer molecules that are made up of repeating monomer units called amino acids. There are 20 different common amino acids that make up proteins like enzymes. Of these, nine amino acids are essential, which means you must get them from your diet.

Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions in biological systems. This means that they speed up the rate of the reaction.

In the adult heart, blood in the right chambers of the heart cannot enter the left chambers without passing through the lungs is correct regarding mammalian heart.

Most bacteria is reproduce by binary fission.

A gland surrounding the neck of the bladder in male mammals and releasing a fluid component of semen is Prostate gland which is below the bladder and surrounding the urethra.