Arithmetical Reasoning Questions

Q:

In a certain office, 1/3 of workers are women, 1/2 of the women are married and 1/3 of the married women have children. If 3/4  of the men are married and 2/3  of the married men have children, what part of the workers are without children?

A) 5/18 B) 4/9
C) 11/18 D) 17/36
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) 11/18

Explanation:

Let the total number of workers be x. Then, 

 

Number of women = x/3 and number of men = x - x/3  = 2x/3

 

Number of women having children = x/18

 

Number of men having children = x/3

 

Number of workers having children = (x/18) + (x/3) = 7x/18

  

Therefore, workers having no children = x - 7x/18 = 11/18 of all workers.

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Q:

The following equation is incorrect. Which two signs should be interchanged to correct the equation?

 

14 + 16 ÷ 40 x 8 - 48 = 46

 

A) ÷ and x B) x and -
C) ÷ and - D) - and +
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: A) ÷ and x

Explanation:
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Q:

Insert the missing character marked as '?'.

 

 

A) 15 B) 18
C) 19 D) 20
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: B) 18

Explanation:
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Q:

The sum of three consecutive multiples of 3 is 72. What is the second largest number ?

A) 27 B) 24
C) 21 D) 42
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: B) 24

Explanation:

Let the numbers be 3x, 3x + 3 and 3x + 6.
Then,
3x + (3x + 3) + (3x + 6) = 72
9x = 63
x = 7
Largest number = 3x + 6 = 27.

=> Second largest number = 27 - 3 = 24

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Q:

Consider the following information and answer the questions based on it.

 

Out of 60 people in a colony, 10 speak only Bengali, 5 speak only Assamese, 10 speak both Hindi and Odia, 12 speak both Marathi and Hindi, 13 speak English, Tamil and Marathi, 5 speak both Assamese and Hindi and the remaining speak both Bengali and Hindi.

 

How many people speak more than one language?

A) 15 B) 45
C) 50 D) 55
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: B) 45

Explanation:
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Q:

Five farmers have 7,9,11,13 & 14 apple trees respectively in their orchards. Last year each of them discovered that every tree in their own orchard yields exactly the same number of apples. Further, if the 3rd farmer gives one apple to the 1st and the 5th gives 3 to each of the 2nd & d 4th, they would all exactly have the same number of apples, what were the yields per tree in the orchards of the 3rd & 4th farmers ?

A) 17 & 9 B) 9 & 11
C) 9 & 9 D) 11 & 9
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: D) 11 & 9

Explanation:

Let the number of apples in each tree of the 5 farmers be a, b, c, d,e respectively. Therefore total no of apples are 7a, 9b, 11c, 13d and 14e respectively.

Given,
7a+1 = 9b+3 = 11c-1 = 13d+3 = 14e-6 = x

9b+3 = 13d+3
===> 9b = 13d
so take b = 13 and d = 9

9b+3 = 9*13+3 = 120
ie, x=120

substituting
7a+1 = 120
7a = 119
a = 17

11c-1 = 120
11c = 121
c=11

14e-6 = 120
14e = 126
e = 9

Yields per tree in the orchards of d 3rd & 4th farmers= 11,9

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Q:

Consider the following information and answer questions based on it.

 

Six students Lily, Mary, July, Daisy, Rosy and Fairy are sitting in a circle facing each other such that -

1. Mary sits to the immediate right of July.

2. Lily does not sit near Fairy.

3. The student sitting on the immediate left of July, sits to the immediate right of Fairy.

4. Rosy does not sit to the immediate right of Mary.

 

If July leaves the circle, then who will be sitting to the immediate right of Lily?

 

A) Fairy B) Rosy
C) Daisy D) Cannot be determined
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: D) Cannot be determined

Explanation:
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Q:

A cow was standing on a bridge, 5m away from the middle of the bridge. A train was coming towards the bridge from the ends nearest to the cow. Seeing this cow ran towards the the train and managed to escape when the train was 2m away from bridge. If it had run in the opposite direction, it would hit by the train 2m before the end of the bridge. What is the lenght of the bridge in meters assuming the speed of the train is 4 times that of cow ?

A) 22 mts B) 28 mts
C) 32 mts D) 34 mts
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) 32 mts

Explanation:

let 'b' be the Length of bridge from cow to the near end of the bridge and 'a' be the distance of the train from the bridge.
'x' be speed of cow => '4x' speed of train
Then the total length of the bridge 2b + 10.
(a-2)/4x = b/x
=> a-2 = 4b........(1)
Now if it had run in opposite direction
(a+2b+10-2)/4x = (b+10-2)/x
=> a - 2b = 24......(2)
Solving (1) and (2)
b = 11 ,
Therefore length of the bridge is 2 x 11 + 10 = 32mts.

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